History of Roads first indications of constructed roads date from about 4000 BC and consist of stone paved streets at Ur in modern-day Iraq and timber roads preserved in a swamp in Glastonbury, England.

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Late 1800s Road Builders
The road builders of the late 1800s depended solely on stone, gravel and sand for construction. Water would be used as a binder to give some unity to the road surface.

John Metcalfe, a Scot born in 1717, built about 180 miles of roads in Yorkshire, England (even though he was blind). His well drained roads were built with three layers: large stones; excavated road material; and a layer of gravel.

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Modern tarred roads were the result of the work of two Scottish engineers, Thomas Telford and John Loudon McAdam. Telford designed the system of raising the foundation of the road in the center to act as a drain for water.

Thomas Telford (born 1757) improved the method of building roads with broken stones by analyzing stone thickness, road traffic, road alignment and gradient slopes. Eventually his design became the norm for all roads everywhere.

John Loudon McAdam (born 1756) designed roads using broken stones laid in symmetrical, tight patterns and covered with small stones to create a hard surface. McAdam's design, called "macadam roads," provided the greatest advancement in road construction History of Roads .

Asphalt Roads
Today, 96% of all paved roads and streets in the U.S. - almost two million miles - are surfaced with asphalt. Almost all paving asphalt used today is obtained by processing crude oils. After everything of value is removed, the leftovers are made into asphalt cement for pavement. Man-made asphalt consists of compounds of hydrogen and carbon with minor proportions of nitrogen, sulfur and oxygen. Natural forming asphalt, or brea, also contains mineral deposits.

The first road use of asphalt occurred in 1824, when asphalt blocks were placed on the Champs-Élysées in Paris. Modern road asphalt was the work of Belgian immigrant Edward de Smedt at Columbia University in New York City. By 1872, De Smedt had engineered a modern, "well-graded," maximum-density asphalt. The first uses of this road asphalt were in Battery Park and on Fifth Avenue in New York City in 1872 and on Pennsylvania Avenue, Washington D.C., in 1877.

Hyderabad Road Map is a lively 400-year-old metropolis, famous as the former seat of the extremely wealthy Nizams. It is a hot tourist destination. The popular attractions of Hyderabad district are:

* Charminar
* Mecca Masjid
* Golconda Fort
* Hussain Sagar
* Jama Masjid
* St. Joseph's Cathedral
* St. Mary's Church
* Birla Mandir
* Birla Planetarium
* Falaknuma Palace
* Hi-Tech City
* Qutub Shahi Tombs
* Paigah Tombs
* Chote Hazrat Ki Dargah
* Raymond's Tomb
* Sanjeevaiah Park
* Indira Park
* Public Gardens
* Nehru Zoological Park

In southern India, Hyderabad Road Map occupies a prominent place in the field of education. The district has 1298 Primary, 482 Upper Primary Schools, 849 High Schools, 254 Junior Colleges, 164 Degree Colleges, 12 Post-Graduate Colleges. Apart from this, there are 7 Medical Colleges and 11 Engineering Colleges running in the district.

The 6 Universities functioning in this district are:

* Osmania University
* Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University
* A.P. Agriculture University
* Dr.B.R.Ambedkar Open University
* Hyderabad Central University
* Potti Sri Ramulu Telugu University

Other prestigious Colleges and Institutes of Hyderabad are:

* International Institute of Information Technology
* Gandhi Medical College
* Indian School of Business
* National Academy of Legal Studies and Research
* Indian Institute of Chemical Technology
* Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology
* Central Institute of English and Foreign Languages
* CVR College of Engineering

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